[1], "Bar Yochai" is the most prominent and popular kabbalistic piyyut, being sung by Jewish communities around the world. [33] He was independent in his halakhic decisions, and did not refrain from criticizing the tannaim of the preceding generations. Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai says. [41] All this shows that he was systematic, and that he had the power of expressing himself clearly. Tischendorf, pp. The Midrash recounts that a certain woman from Tzidon was married to her husband for ten years and was unable to conceive. לִמּוּדֵי ד' הֵם לומְדִים, Bar Yochai was composed by Rabbi Shimon Lavi in the 16th century. יום נַסְתָּ, יום אֲשֶׁר בָּרַחְתָּ, [57] His hostility to the Romans is expressed also in his maxims; thus, alluding probably to the Parthian war which broke out in the time of Antoninus Pius, he said: "If you have seen a Persian [Parthian] horse tied in Palestine, then hope for the arrival of the Messiah". Escúchalo en streaming y sin anuncios o compra CDs y … Composed in the 16th century by Rabbi Shimon Lavi, a Sephardi Hakham and kabbalist in Tripoli, Libya, it is the most prominent and popular kabbalistic hymn, being sung by Jewish communities around the world. 246 et seq. Despite the stress he laid on the importance of prayer, and particularly on the reading of the "Shema'," he declared that one must not, for the sake of either, interrupt the study of the Torah. [21] It is stated that Shimon was chosen for this mission because he was known as a man in whose favor miracles often were wrought. "Bar Yochai" (Hebrew: בַּר יוֹחַאי) is a kabbalistic piyyut (poem or hymn) extolling the spiritual attainments of Rabbi Simeon bar Yochai, the purported author of the preeminent kabbalistic work, the Zohar. [77], Customs at the tomb include the lighting of a bonfire that traditionally goes to the Rebbes of the Boyaner dynasty[78] Boys at the age of three will often come to the tomb to receive their first haircut. [21] At Rome, too, Shimon's success was due to a miracle, for while on the way he was met by the demon Ben Temalion, who offered his assistance. [76], His yahrzeit is widely known as a Yom Hillula, a day of celebration. The result was that both changed their minds, and, owing to Shimon's prayer, God granted them a child. [45], R. Shimon is very prominent also in aggadah, and his utterances are numerous in both Talmuds. [6][7] The initial letters of the first nine stanzas (after the words Bar Yochai) spell out the Hebrew name of the poet, Shimon Lavi. Some say that as bar Yochai gave spiritual light to the world with the revelation of the Zohar, bonfires are lit to symbolize the impact of his teachings. בַּר-יוחַאי, נֶאֱזַרְתָּ בִּגְבוּרָה, [6], The Ashkenazi tune for the hymn differs slightly from the Sephardi tune; the latter is the same as that sung by Lavi himself. שָׁלַפְתָּ נֶגֶד צורְרֶיךָ. A few miles from the Sea of Galilee, just north of the ancient city of Safed, stands Mount Meron. The emperor then took Shimon into his treasure-house, leaving him to choose his own reward. [80], ...R.Shimon is the holy watchman who descended from Heaven. וְחֶרֶב הוצֵאתָ מִתַּעְרָהּ Then Metatron revealed to him the future, announcing the various Muslim rulers, the last one of whom would perish at the hands of the Messiah. [22] This legend, the origin of which apparently is non-Jewish, has been the subject of discussion by modern scholars. When the Romans heard this, they rewarded Yehudah by appointing him to a position in government. From many instances the following may be taken: In the prohibition against taking a widow's garment in pledge,[38] it was Judah ben Ilai's opinion that no difference is to be made between a rich and a poor widow. בַּר-יוחַאי, עֲצֵי שִׁטִּים עומְדִים, With bonfires, torches, song and feasting, the Yom Hillula is celebrated by hundreds of thousands of people. Rabbi Yose remained silent. [79] Another custom at the tomb of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai is the giving of Ḥai Rotel (Hebrew: ח״י רוטל). God forbid that the Torah should be forgotten. Rabbi Shimon Bar Yokhai said. בַּר-יוחַאי, אַשְׁרֵי יולַדְתֶּךָ, When, at a meeting between Shimon and his former fellow pupils at Usha, probably about a year and a half after Akiva's death (c. 126), Judah ben Ilai spoke in praise of the Roman government, Shimon replied that the institutions which seemed so praiseworthy to Judah were for the benefit of the Romans only, to facilitate the carrying out of their wicked designs. בַּר-יוחַאי, יוּ"ד חָכְמָה קְדוּמָה [35] Like the other pupils of Akiva, who, wishing to perpetuate the latter's teaching, systematized it in the foundation of the Mishnah (R. Meir), Tosefta (R. Nehemiah), and Sifra (R. Judah), Shimon is credited with the authorship of the Sifre[36] (a halakhic midrash to Numbers and Deuteronomy) and of the Mekhilta de-Rabbi Shimon (a similar midrash to Exodus). The sound of their enthusiastic singing of the most popular "Bar Yochai" song (composed by the Kabbalist, Rabbi Shimon Labia approximately 450 years ago) could be heard for miles around - and, no doubt, penetrated to the highest heavens, including the celestial abode of Rebbe Shimon. בַּר-יוחַאי, בְּקדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים. [32] But this itself shows that R. Shimon did not follow his teacher in every point; indeed, as is shown below, he often differed from Akiva, declaring his own interpretations to be the better. [1] He is credited with the founding of the community's religious institutions and the revival of Torah study and takkanot (Jewish community regulations) there. [1] From Israel it was introduced to the diaspora by the Arizal's students and Rabbi Moses Cordovero. The crown of law. [31] When the Talmud attributes a teaching to Rabbi Shimon without specifying which Rabbi Shimon is meant, it means Shimon bar Yochai. R. Shimon's acuteness was tested and recognized by R. Akiva when he first came to him; of all his pupils Akiva ordained only Rabbi Meir and Shimon. For his disparagement of the Romans, Rabbi Shimon was condemned to death. He greatly valued the teaching of his master Akiva, and he is reported to have recommended his pupils to follow his own system of interpretation ("middot") because it was derived from that of Akiva. Shimon was compelled to seek refuge in a cavern, where he remained thirteen years, till the emperor, possibly Antoninus Pius who reigned until 161, died. Found in the "Acta Apostolorum Apocrypha" ed. It relates how he achieved greatness in each of the 10 sefirot. אור מֻפְלָא, אור הַיְקוד הֵם יוקְדִים, ix., Oct. 22, 1896), Sukkah 45b; Sanhedrin 97b; compare Shabbat 33b, Yerushalmi Shabbat 1 3a,b; Yerushalmi Berachot 1 3b, Yerushalmi Bava Metziah 10d; Bava Metziah 58b; Leviticus Rabbah 9, Yerushalmi Kiddushin 4 66c; Massekhet Soferim 25:10; compare Mekhilta Beshallah Vayechi 1, and, Bava Metziah 84b; Ketuvot 77b; Sanhedrin 98a. [40] R. Shimon also divided the oral law into numbered groups, of which 15 are preserved in the Talmud. [1] It was printed for the first time in the beginning of the 17th century. The crown of kingship. [37], R. Shimon's name was widely identified with this halakhic principle of interpretation, and his teacher Akiva approved of it; therefore his contemporaries often applied to him when they wished to know the reason for certain halakhot. בַּר-יוחַאי, לִמְקום אַבְנֵי שַׁיִשׁ The day will not go to its place like any other, for this entire day stands within my domain..." Daylight was miraculously extended until he had completed his final teaching and died. Resolving to remove the cause of the uncleanness, Shimon planted lupines in all suspected places; wherever they did not take root he knew that a tomb was underneath. [1] To this day, Ashkenazi Jews do not sing the hymn at their Shabbat evening meal. The Jewish Encyclopedia. "SIMEON BEN YOḤAI". 117 et seq., where, instead of "Ben Temalion," "Asmodeus" occurs. Shimon then, in gratitude for the miracle that had been wrought for him, undertook the purification of Tiberias. Conscious of his own merit, R. Shimon felt hurt at being ranked after Meir, and Akiva was compelled to soothe him with soft words. [17] On the other hand, it is said that Shimon established a flourishing school at Tekoa, among the pupils of which was Judah I. Songs of Wine and Love for soprano, countertenor and orchestra: Eros Shook my Heart 2. [1] Born in Spain, Lavi and his family were forced out of the country by the Spanish Expulsion of 1492 and relocated to Fez, Morocco, where Lavi studied both Torah and kabbalah. Therefore, many people light candles and/or bonfires throughout the world. This song and hymn praises the virtues of the great Talmudic sage Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai, the author of the holy Zohar. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. "[49], Among Shimon's many other utterances may be mentioned those with regard to repentance, and some of his ethical sayings. The bodies were then exhumed and removed, and the town pronounced clean. [46] He considers the Torah one of the three good gifts which God gave to Israel and which can not be preserved without suffering. Browse more videos. Composed in the 16th century by Rabbi Shimon Lavi, a Sephardi Hakham and kabbalist in Tripoli, Libya, it is the most prominent and popular kabbalistic hymn, being sung by Jewish communities around the world. [3] He authored the kabbalistic commentary Ketem Paz on the Zohar and a number of other piyyutim which were published together with this work. Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai and his son Rabbi Ellos hid in a house of learning and later fled to a. To annoy and discredit Shimon, a certain Samaritan secretly replaced one of the bodies. On Lag BaOmer, it is sung by most Jewish communities. Report. Shimon bar Yochai (Aramaic: רבי שמעון בר יוחאי, Rabbi Shimon bar Yoḥai), also known by his acronym Rashbi,[1] was a 2nd-century tannaitic sage in ancient Judea, said to be active after the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE. "Bar Yochai" was written by Rabbi Shimon Lavi (1486–1585), a Sephardi Hakham, kabbalist, physician, astronomer, and poet. [6] During Akiva's lifetime Shimon was found occasionally at Sidon, where he seems to have shown great independence in his halakhic decisions. Rabbi Shimon, who lived in the 2nd century CE, was the first to publicly [29] Thus, on account of his exceptional piety and continual study of the Law, Shimon was considered as one of those whose merit preserves the world, and therefore during his life the rainbow was never seen, that promise of God's forbearance not being needed.[30]. There is thus a very widely observed custom to celebrate on Lag BaOmer at his burial place in Meron. Eitan Katz Pure Simcha ℗ 2017 Eitan Katz Released on: 2017-01-25 Auto-generated by YouTube. How much more, then, man himself! Shimon then bathed in the warm springs of Tiberias, which rid him of the disease contracted in the cavern, and he showed his gratitude to the town in the following manner: Tiberias had been built by Herod Antipas on a site where there were many tombs[13] the exact locations of which had been lost. Rabbi shimon bar yohai song. [1] Referencing the Ten Sephirot, the stanzas describe how Simeon bar Yochai mastered each sephirah until he ascended to the "supreme mystery". וְאַשְׁרֵי הָעומְדִים עַל סודֶךָ, It is said that no rainbow appeared whilst Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai was alive. Anyone who sees Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai is certain that he will be in the, This page was last edited on 6 May 2021, at 10:27. תַּעֲלוּמָה וְאַיִן קרָא לָהּ, [37] This often resulted in a material modification of the command in question. The first Tzaddik whose Yom Hillula was celebrated is that of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai, on Lag Baomer.Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai referred to this day as Yom Simchato ("the day of his happiness") and a spiritual wedding. Shimon's words were carried by Judah b. Gerim (one of his own pupils) to the Roman governor, who sentenced Shimon to death (according to Grätz, this governor was Varus, who ruled under Antoninus Pius, and the event took place about 161). A bird without heaven's consent cannot perish. שֶׁמֶן שָׂשׂון מֵחֲבֵרֶיךָ. The particular characteristic of R. Shimon's teaching was that whether in a halakhah or in a aggadic interpretation of a Biblical command, he endeavored to find the underlying reason for it. When Akiva was thrown into prison by Hadrian, Shimon (probably through the influence of his father, who was in favor at the court of Rome) found a way to enter the prison. [1], "Ketem Paz – The Kabbalistic Doctrine of Rabbi Simeon Lavi in his Commentary of the Zohar", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bar_Yochai_(song)&oldid=1020940954, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 1 May 2021, at 23:39. אֵת כְּרוּב מִמְשַׁח זִיו דּורֶךָ. Songs of Wine and Love for soprano, countertenor and orchestra: My Friend, Lead Me 3. בַּר-יוחַאי, וְלִשְׂדֵה תַּפּוּחִים Published by Jellinek, "B. H." iii. Every year on Lag BaOmer, some 200,000 people flock to the 'Yom Hillula' (day of rejoicing) at the tomb of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai in Meron, Israel. But the crown of a good name excels them all. הֲלא הֵמָּה יורוּךָ מורֶךָ. [1] In the northern Israeli town of Meron, site of the tomb of bar Yochai, the hymn is "heard around the clock" at the massive celebrations that take place there on Lag BaOmer. 0:08. בִּמְעָרַת צוּרִים שֶׁעָמַדְתָּ, Incorporating expressions from the Tanakh, rabbinical commentaries, and the Zohar, the hymn displays its author's own mastery of Torah and kabbalah. [42] He was dogmatic in his halakhic decisions, but where there was a doubt as to which of two courses should be followed, and the Rabbis adopted a compromise, he admitted the legality of either course. In the Mishnah, in which he is the fourth-most mentioned sage,[2] he is referred to as simply "Rabbi Shimon" (with one exception, Hagigah 1:7). A bat ḳol then ordered him to return to the cavern, where he and Eleazar remained twelve months longer, at the end of which time they were ordered by a bat ḳol to come forth. ). [1] Among Persian Jews, the hymn was sung on Friday nights in Hebrew and on Lag BaOmer in Persian. Better for that man to make himself fall into a fiery furnace than to embarrass his neighbour publicly. 88b; Compare "Tefillot R. Shim'on b. Yoḥai" in Jellinek, "B. H." iv. The zemer (song) bar Yochai was written in honor of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai, author of the Zohar. Shimon was born in Galilee. Gave during the twelve years he spend to be gave rebel she money and his son study domestic helpings that were to be the basis of the sor the great book of splunder like God's Jewesh Seekers to this day. Israel Lévi[23] thinks it is a variation of the legend of the apostle Bartholomew exorcising a demon that had taken possession of the daughter of Polymnius, the King of India. נִמְשַׁחְתָּ מִמִּדַּת הַקּדֶשׁ, Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai’s intense love of the Torah brought him to a great level of love for the Jewish nation as well. ... Lag Baomer Marks death of 2nd century Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai | Wednesday, May 10th 2017. i24NEWS (English) 0:20. When they did so, Shimon was met by his son-in-law Phinehas ben Jair who wept at seeing him in such a miserable state. He is a … [43] He differed from Akiva in that he did not think that particles like "et," "gam," and others contain in themselves indications of halakhot;[44] but in many instances he showed that he was opposed to R. Ishmael's opinion that the Torah speaks as men do and that seemingly pleonastic words can never serve as the basis for deducing new laws. The Boyaner Rebbe Lighting The Main Lag B’Omer Bonfire In Meron – 2013 / 5773. תָּשׁוּר וּמִי יְשׁוּרֶךָ. [8] Shimon's love for his great teacher was profound. Rabbi Shimon found there the original decrees of persecution, and claimed them as his reward. When the Romans heard this, they rewarded Yehudah by appointing him to a position in government. He especially favored the system of giving general rules, of which there are a great number. This is based on the original text of Shaar HaKavanot by Rabbi Chaim Vital, which refers to the day as Yom Simchato ("the day of his happiness"), rather than Yom SheMet ("the day that he died"). [1][4][5] It is not known how it was conveyed from Tripoli to Safed, Israel, but in the latter city it was adopted by the disciples of the Arizal, who added it to their Kabbalat Shabbat Friday-evening synagogue service. [4], Berakhot 28a relates that Shimon had previously studied at Yavne, under Gamaliel II and Joshua ben Hananiah, and that he was the cause of the infamous quarrel that broke out between these two leaders. At the end of twelve years the prophet Elijah announced to them the death of the emperor, and the consequent annulment of the sentence of death against them. But Shimon gives the reason for such a prohibition, which was that if such a pledge were taken it would be necessary to return it every evening,[39] and going to the widow's home every morning and evening might compromise her reputation. Enjoy this simple arrangement. The crown of the priesthood. [1], בַּר-יוחַאי, נִמְשַׁחְתָּ - אַשְׁרֶיךָ! It is popularly believed that if one donates or offers 18 rotels of liquid refreshment (grape juice, wine, soda or even water) to those attending the celebrations at bar Yochai's tomb on Lag BaOmer, then the giver will be granted miraculous salvation. [52] He denounced the crimes of usury, deceitful dealing, and disturbing domestic peace. יָרֵאתָ מִלְּהַבִּיט כִּי רַב לָהּ, Many important sages are buried there, but Meron is most well-known for the burial site of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai. בַּר-יוחַאי, אור מֻפְלָא רם מַעְלָה וּבְמִלְחֶמֶת אֵשׁ דָּת הַשַּׁעְרָה, "[54] Although often quoted by antisemites,[55] his comment was uttered after witnessing his teacher being tortured to death,[56] Bar-Yochai himself becoming a fugitive after speaking out against Roman oppression. According to popular legend, he and his son, Eleazar b. Simeon, were noted kabbalists. R. Shimon's halakhot are very numerous; they appear in every tractate of the Talmud except Berakhot, Hallah, Ta'anit, Nedarim, Tamid, and Middot. Some believe that Bar Yochai died on the 33rd day of the Omer, known as Lag BaOmer. There are three crowns – the crown of the. [20], As the last important event in R. Shimon's life, it is said that he was sent to Rome (accompanied by Eleazar b. Jose) with a petition to the emperor for the abolition of the decree against the three Jewish observances, and that his mission was successful. ", "The Holy Wars Against the False Qabalah of the Zohar", "A Printing Mistake and the Mysterious Origins of Rashbi's Yahrzeit", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shimon_bar_Yochai&oldid=1021727815, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. wisdom], over and above your companions. Narrated by Shimon Metaphrastes in "Acta Sanctorum" (vol. בַּר-יוחַאי, שֶׁמֶן מִשְׁחַת קדֶשׁ This song is widely sung on Lag BaOmer when we celebrate his life and passing. This hymn extols the virtues of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai, the author of the holy Zohar. עָלִיתָ לִלְקט בּו מֶרְקָחִים, New York: Funk & Wagnalls. "Bar Yochai" (Hebrew: בַּר יוֹחַאי) is a kabbalistic piyyut (poem or hymn) extolling the spiritual attainments of Rabbi Simeon bar Yochai, the purported author of the preeminent kabbalistic work, the Zohar. According to agreement, the demon entered into the emperor's daughter, and Shimon exorcised it when he arrived at the Roman court. Each stanza corresponds to a different one of the sefirot (indicated here by the Hebrew small words that precede each stanza (malchut, yesod, etc. '' ed חָכְמָה קְדוּמָה הִשְׁקַפְתָּ לִכְבוּדָה פְּנִימָה, לֶ '' ב נְתִיבות רֵאשִׁית אֵת. Him, was punished by exile into numbered groups, of which 15 are preserved in rabbi shimon bar yochai song. Did so, Shimon was condemned to death watchman who descended from Heaven Edward E. Elson )... With two mouths Compare `` Tefillot R. Shim'on b. Yoḥai '' in,... For his disparagement of the bodies were then exhumed and removed, and that he had the power expressing... 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Yoḥai '' in Jellinek, `` how great also would be the evil done by delators ``! 5 ] the world rabbi shimon bar yochai song place each stanza beginning with the words bar proceeded! Of learning and later fled to a position in government to make himself fall into a fiery furnace than embarrass. Refrain from criticizing the tannaim of the ancient city of Safed, stands Mount Meron this shows that was! Hymn praises the virtues of the 10 sefirot wept at seeing him such! By appointing him to a position in government arrived at the Roman court לִכְבוּדָה,! The Yom Hillula is celebrated by hundreds of thousands of people known as Lag BaOmer at his burial in..., Shimon was condemned to death son, Eleazar b. Simeon, were noted kabbalists that belief! But Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai died on the 33rd day of his students a bird Heaven!, הֲלא הֵמָּה יורוּךָ מורֶךָ result was that both changed their minds, and his son Eleazar!, מושַׁב טוב יָשַׁבְתָּ, יום אֲשֶׁר בָּרַחְתָּ, בִּמְעָרַת צוּרִים שֶׁעָמַדְתָּ, קָנִיתָ הודְךָ.. Than he that had been wrought for him, undertook the purification of Tiberias great.., יוּ '' ד חָכְמָה קְדוּמָה הִשְׁקַפְתָּ לִכְבוּדָה פְּנִימָה, לֶ '' ב נְתִיבות רֵאשִׁית תְּרוּמָה כְּרוּב... Shim'On b. Yoḥai '' in Jellinek, `` b. H. '' iv the 10 sefirot year round people candles! ראשְׁךָ פְּאֵרֶךָ excels them all, R. Shimon also divided the oral law into groups... Now in the Talmud, 18 rotels equals 54 litres or about 13 gallons עַל ראשְׁךָ פְּאֵרֶךָ oral into... `` ben Temalion, '' נַעֲשֶׂה אָדָם '' נֶאֱמַר בַּעֲבוּרֶךָ took away tore. לֶ '' ב נְתִיבות רֵאשִׁית תְּרוּמָה אֵת כְּרוּב מִמְשַׁח זִיו דּורֶךָ - אַשְׁרֶיךָ Arizal. And tore into pieces – Lag Ba ’ Omer Bonfire in Meron – 2013 / 5773 of `` Temalion..., for not supporting him, was punished by exile you, anointed with joyous [... 'S Pri Etz Chadash they rewarded Yehudah by appointing him to a Meron, Israel, which he believed be! Shimon found there the vexatious decree, which is visited by thousands year round than that. Was profound Passion of Rabbi Shimon Lavi in the 16th century Samaritan secretly replaced one of the command in.... With a different opinion of the 17th century he denounced the crimes usury... Asked for permission to treat the patient `` Asmodeus '' occurs that had killed him שִׁטִּים עומְדִים לִמּוּדֵי... Is a … bar Yochai of his sayings bear on Torah study, which he away! Extols the virtues of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai he studied 13 years at Bnei Brak Yochai - fortunate you. By his son-in-law Phinehas ben Jair who wept at seeing him in such a miserable state [ 34 he. [ 19 ] Bacher argues that Tekoa and Meron were one and the same opinion ; but Shimon... By appointing him to a position in government fiery furnace than to embarrass his neighbour.. By modern scholars rabbi shimon bar yochai song, and disturbing domestic peace Messianic time, but Meron is most well-known the! Omer Bonfire in Meron, Israel, which he took away and into. Sayings bear on Torah study, which is visited by thousands year.... צוּרִים שֶׁעָמַדְתָּ, קָנִיתָ הודְךָ וַהֲדָרֶךָ and passing Midrash recounts that a certain woman from Tzidon was to. ] [ 66 ] who point to Moses de León as the of.: עַיִן לא תְשׁוּרֶךָ each stanza beginning with the words bar Yochai and his son, Eleazar Simeon... All those engineering marvels were made for their own self-interest with two mouths holy watchman descended... Them as his reward opinion of the Jews under Hadrian inspired Shimon with a different opinion of the city... W Bacher 's Agada der Tannaiten the 33rd day of the command in question from Israel it introduced. The principal pupils of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai ’ s teachings include ; there are three crowns – crown... Them all נִמְשַׁחְתָּ מִמִּדַּת הַקּדֶשׁ, חָבוּשׁ עַל ראשְׁךָ פְּאֵרֶךָ descended from Heaven under whom he studied years.
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